A New Old World Record

Nearly 100 years ago, on July 10, 1913, a temperature reading of 134 degrees was recorded at the Greenland Ranch in Death Valley, California.  At the time that was the highest temperatures recorded with proper measuring techniques anywhere on earth.

Nearly a decade later on September 13, 1911 a report of a temperature of 136 degrees was allegedly taken at El Azizia, Libya to establish a new world record that still holds to this day.  That is until now.  The World Meteorological Organization recently decided to drop that particular reading from the record book.  There is always been some suspicion to that reading in Libya in 1922 and after much research it was determined that indeed that temperature was likely bogus.

Therefore, that temperature set nearly a century ago in Death Valley is now considered the warmest temperature recorded in the world.  So if you have ever had the chance to go to Death Valley, you can now officially tell your friends that you visited the hottest place on earth.

Deserts and Hurricanes

If you look carefully at the location of the world’s deserts, you will notice that most of them are located near 30 degrees north and south latitude. This is part of the global circulation pattern induced by the differences of solar energy received around the planet. A simple model of global wind fields would have an overall area of low pressure near the equator. This rising air eventually sinks near 30 degrees north latitude where areas of high pressure dominate.

This sinking motion inhibits cloud formation and also increases temperatures through compressional warming causing large expanses of dry sunny regions. That sinking air then partially returns to the tropics, but because of the rotation of the planet, it is deflect to the right causing the wind in the tropics to be from an easterly direction.

This is turn is why hurricanes move generally from east to west. That flow pattern in the tropics is referred to as the trade winds, or trades.